Starter Supplement Guide for Ducks and Geese
Niacin, Grit, & More
Raising ducks or geese for the first time? Whether you’re starting a backyard flock or building a small homestead, getting nutrition right from the beginning is one of the best things you can do for their long-term health. While feed is the foundation, supplements help bridge nutritional gaps and support strong growth, immunity, and productivity.
Choosing the Right Feed
Start with a non-medicated waterfowl starter or an all-flock feed that includes a higher niacin content than standard chick starter. Look for feeds labeled for ducks or geese if available, as they’re often formulated with the right balance of protein and B-vitamins.
But even with a good base feed, most homesteaders supplement. Here’s why—and how.
Key Supplements to Consider
1. Niacin (Vitamin B3)
Why it matters: Crucial for bone growth and joint health.
How to supplement: Use pure niacinamide powder or add brewer’s yeast to feed.
Dose: ~55–70 mg per duckling daily. Adults need ~30–40 mg.
2. Brewer’s Yeast
Why it matters: Rich in B vitamins including niacin; supports energy and immune function.
How to use: Mix into moistened feed at 1–2 tablespoons per cup of feed.
3. Grit
Why it matters: Helps grind and digest whole grains, greens, and bugs.
How to use: Offer in a separate dish free-choice. Use chick grit for young birds.
4. Oyster Shell or Crushed Eggshell
Why it matters: Provides calcium for layers to build strong eggshells.
When to use: Only offer to actively laying females.
Seasonal Supplement Tips
Spring/Summer: Extra niacin for fast growth. Add probiotics or fermented feed to support digestion.
Fall/Winter: More calcium and vitamin D as sunlight decreases. Offer vitamin supplements if birds are indoors.
Starter Supplement Schedule
| Supplement | Ducklings (0–8 wks) | Adult Ducks | Laying Ducks | Geese |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Niacin | Yes (Daily) | Yes | Yes | Yes |
| Brewer’s Yeast | Yes | Optional | Yes | Yes |
| Grit | Yes (Chick grit) | Yes | Yes | Yes |
| Oyster Shell | No | No | Yes (Free-choice) | Yes (if laying) |
Safety Notes
Avoid “flush-free” niacin (inositol hexanicotinate)—it’s not bioavailable to birds.
Always introduce new supplements gradually.
Fresh water is essential when adding any powder to the diet.
Call to Action:
Curious how to dose niacin by flock size? Our next blog will include a flock-size calculator and printable supplement tracker for your barn wall!
